Stages of Prolapsed Disc (Degeneration of Vertebrae)

The model illustrates degenerative changes to the vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs of the lumbar spine in various degrees. Based on the original cast of a human lumbar spine, even finest bone structures are accurately depicted. The following conditions are shown from top to bottom:

Intervertebral disc in healthy condition
Lumbar vertebra (L1) without degenerative changes
Intervertebral disc with protrusion
Lumbar vertebra (L2) with beginning degenerative changes
Intervertebral disc with medial prolapse
Lumbar vertebra (L3) with advanced degenerative changes
Intervertebral disc with intraforaminal prolapse on the right
Lumbar vertebra (L4) with strong degenerative changes and bony constriction of the left intervertebral foramen
Extremely narrowed intervertebral disc
Lumbar vertebra (L5) with strong degenerative changes and bony constriction of the left intervertebral foramen with pressure on the spinal nerve root L5 on the left.

The model can be disassembled into vertebrae and intervertebral discs. Supplied on base.